• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A cutting tool insert for machining by chip removal includes a body of a hard alloy of cemented carbide, cermet, ceramics, cubic boron nitride based material or high speed steel, onto which a hard and wear resistant coating is deposited by physical vapour deposition. The coating includes a polycrystalline nanolaminated structure of alternating layers A and B where layer A is (Ti,Al,Me1)N and Me1 is optionally one or more of the metal elements from group 3, 4, 5 or 6 in the periodic table, layer B is (Ti,Si,Me2)N and Me2 is optionally one or more of the metal elements from group 3, 4, 5 or 6 in the periodic table including Al with a thickness between 0.5 and 20 μm and method of making the same. This insert is particularly useful in metal cutting applications generating high temperatures with improved edge integrity, machining of super alloys, stainless and hardened steels.
    公开号:SE0900739A1
    申请号:SE0900739
    申请日:2009-06-01
    公开日:2010-12-02
    发明作者:Jon Andersson；Rachid M Saoubi；Hindrik Engstroem；Mats Johansson
    申请人:Seco Tools Ab；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    101520253035404550It is a further object of the present invention to provide a coated cutting tool withimproved edge integrity.
    It has been found that by combining layers based on (Ti, Si) N and (Ti, Al) N in ananolaminated coating structure on a cutting tool insert, the service life is significantly improved ondue to increased pit wear resistance, barrel wear resistance and edge integrity, especially in machining operations such asgenerates high tool temperatures.
    Brief description of the drawingsFig. 1, scanning electron microscopy image (SEM image) showing a fracture surface in cross section of aTl0_3gAl0_52N / 'Tl0_93Sl0_07N IIEIIIOlEIIIIlIICIHÖ Slïllktllf.
    Fig. 2, X-ray diffraction pattern from (a) TioßgAloßzN single layer, (b) Ti0_g6Si0_14N single layer, and(c) TiO_3gAl0.52N / TiO_g6SiO_14N nanolaminated structure. Diffraction peaks are indexed as cubicphase (Ti, Si) N (marked with 1), cubic phase (Ti, Al) N (marked with 2) and peaks arising from WC orclay Co (dashed lines).
    Fig. 3, SEM images showing examples of the cutting edges after 11 minutes of turning in stainless steel whichViSaY (a) Tí0.3sA1o.62N Si fl gßlskikï, (b) Tio.66A1o.29Si0.o5N Si fl geiskíkï, 0011 (C) Tio.3sA1o.62N / 'Ti0.93SíomNnanolaminated structure.
    Detailed description of the inventionAccording to the present invention, there is a cutting tool for chip-forming machining consistingof a body of a hard alloy of cemented carbide, cermet, ceramics, cubic boron nitride-based materialsor high speed steel, preferably cemented carbide or cermet, on which a hard and durable is depositedcoating comprising a polycrystalline nanolaminated structure with a thickness between 0.5 and 20μm, preferably between 0.5 and 10 μm, most preferably between 0.5 and 5 μm, consisting ofalternating A- and B-layers and with an overall column structure. The averagethe column width is between 20 and 1000 nm, preferably between 20 and 500 nm, measured with e.g.cross-sectional scanning electron microscopy of a central region of the nanolaminated structure, i.e. aregion within 30 to 70% of the thickness in the direction of growth, and the average column width isthen the mean from the measurement of the width of at least ten adjacent columns.
    Layer A is (Ti, Al, Mel) N and consists of a phase mixture of cubic and hexagonal structures,preferably of only cubic phase, as determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), where Mel is one or moremetal elements from group 3, 4, 5 or 6 of the Periodic Table, preferably one or fl era of Zr,Y, V, Nb, Mo and W, most preferably one or fl era of Zr, Y, V and Nb. Layer B (Ti, Si, Me2) Nconsists of a phase mixture of cubic and hexagonal structures, preferably of only cubic phase,determined by X-ray diffraction, and Me2 is one or fl your metal elements from group 3, 4, 5 or 6in the periodic table including A1, more preferably one or fl era of Y, V, Nb, Mo, W and Al, preferablyone or more of Y, V, Nb and Al. Layers A and B have an average individual layer thicknessbetween 1 nm and 100 nm, preferably between 1 nm and 50 nm, measured with e.g.transmission electron microscopy in cross section of a central region of the nanolarinated structure, thethat is, a region within 30 to 70% of the thickness in the direction of growth, and the averagethe thickness is then the mean value from measuring the thickness of at least ten adjacent layers.
    The atomic ratio (Ti + Al) / (Ti + Al + Mel) of layer A is> 85%, and the atomic ratio Ti / (Ti + Al) isbetween 5% and 95%. The atomic ratio (Ti + Si) / (Ti + Si + Me2) of said layer B is> 60%, and1015202530354045503the atomic ratio Ti / (Ti + Si) is between 5% and 95%.
    Preferably, layer A (TipxAlxMellgNa, where 0.30.900.05In a first preferred embodiment, z = p = 0.
    In a second preferred embodiment, Mel is one or more of Zr, Y, V and Nb with 0In a third preferred embodiment, Me 2 is Y, 0In a fourth preferred embodiment, Me2 is one or both of V and Nb with 0In a fifth preferred embodiment, Me 2 is Al, 0.2The average composition of said nanolaminated structure is45 atom%48 atom%WDS technology.
    Within the nanolaminated structure, layer A has a stress level of -5.0 <q <0 GPa, preferably-3.0 <c <-0.5 GPa.
    Said coating may comprise an inner single and / or multilayer coating of TiN, TiC,Ti (CN) or (T i, Al) N, preferably (Ti, Al) N and / or an outer single and / ormultilayer coating of TiN, TiC, Ti (C, N), (Ti, Si) N or (Ti, Al) N, preferably (Ti, Si) N or(Ti, Al) N, according to the prior art, to a total layer thickness, including the thickness of the nanolaminatedthe structure, of between 0.5 and 30 μm, preferably between 0.5 and 15 μm and most preferablybetween 0.5 and 10 μm.
    The precipitation method for coatings according to this invention is based on arc evaporation ofan alloy or composite cathode under the following conditions. (Ti, Al, Me1) N- and (Ti, Si, Me2) N-layersprecipitates from cathodes which give the desired layer composition. The evaporation current is between 50 A and200 A. These layers precipitate in an Ar + N 2 atinosphere, preferably in a pure Ng atmosphere, at a totalpressure of 0.5 Pa to 9.0 Pa, preferably 1.5 Pa to 5.0 Pa, with a substrate bias voltage of -10 V to -300 V, preferably -20 V to 200 V. The coating temperature is between 350 ° C and 700 ° C,preferably between 400 ° C and 650 ° C.
    The invention also relates to the use of cutting tool inserts as above for machining stainless steelsteel, superalloys and hardened steel at cutting speeds of 50 - 500 m / min, preferably from 50 to 300m / min, at an average feed rate of 0.08 to 0.5 mm / rev, preferably from 0.1 to 0.4 mm / rev,depending on the cutting speed and cutting geometry.
    Example 1Coatings according to Tab 1 were precipitated by arc evaporation on the following inserts:S1: Carbide with (90 wt% WC + 10 wt% Co)S2: Carbide with (94 wt% WC + 6 wt% Co)S3: Seco Tools commercial cermet variety, CM1015202530354Prior to precipitation, the inserts were cleaned with an ultrasonic bath in an alkaline solution and alcohol. Evidence-the chamber was evacuated to a base pressure of less than 2.0x10 "3 Pa, after which the inserts were sputtered clean.with Ar ions. The coating was deposited from alloyed or composite cathodes in 99.995% pure N;atmosphere at a total pressure of 2-6 Pa, using a substrate bias voltage of -20 to -60 V and aevaporation current of 60-200 A at 450 ° C. The cathodes were selected to give the composition of layersA and layer B, respectively, and placed on opposite sides of the coating chamber to obtain itnanolaminated structure by fixture rotation. The average individual thicknesswas varied by changing the cathode current (60-200 A) and rotational speed of the fixture (1-5rpm). The total layer thickness was about 2 μm for all inserts, measured on the release side.
    Fig. 1 shows an example of an SEM image of a TiuggAlfy fi gNlTioggSilyoyN nanolaminated structure(coating 9). The individual layers are clearly visible, which indicates minimal mixing betweenadjacent layers. The individual thicknesses vary due to 3-fold extra rotation and onecolumnar microstructure extends throughout the nanolaminated structure.
    X-ray diffractograms of the precipitated coatings were obtained using CuKot radiation in a 9-26 -configuration. Fig. 2 shows (a) Ti fi gAloßzN single layer (coating 38), (b) Ti Ti_36Si0_14N layer (coatinglayer 40) and (c) TiO_38AlO_62N / TiO_g6SiO_14N nanolaminated structure (coating 1). All three be-the layouts show only NaCl crystal sulphates.
    The average residual voltage, o, is shown in Table 1. The voltages were evaluated by XRD measurements.using the SinZW method. The measurements were performed with CuKa radiation on NaCl (422) -re-fl exerna. Data were obtained using the SinZW method with eleven W angles (positive and negative),evenly distributed within a sinZW range between 0 and 0.75 (W = 0-60 °). The residual voltage valueswas evaluated using Possion's number v = 0.22 and E-module E = 450 GPa. For the nanolaminesthe structures, the values of the (Ti, Al) N layers were measured.
    The total average composition of the nanolaminated structure was measuredenergy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) using a LEO Ultra 55 scanning electron microscope,with a Thermo Noran EDS detector, at 10 kV. The results were evaluated usingNoran System Six software (NSS version 2).
    Table 1 summarizes the results for the example coatings, both according to the invention andprior art coatings.101520Table 1.
    Composition layerA composition layer B Average composition Layer thickness eCoating Description (metal at.%) (Metal at%) (_g_t.%) (Nm) ßšPa)Ti Ai Si Me1 Ti Ai Si Me2 '** Ti Al Si Me1 Me2 * "N A B Skikt AAccording to. recovery1 TiAIN / TISIN * 38 62 0 0 86 0 14 0 31.9 12.6 4.1 0.0 0.0 51.4 5 8 -0.92 'HAIN / TISIN' 38 62 0 0 86 0 14 0 39.1 5.7 5.6 0.0 0.0 49.6 4 17 »0.53 TAINITiSIN '38 62 0 0 BS 0 14 0 26.1 21.2 2.2 0.0 0.0 50.4 11 5 -1.94 TAINITiSiN * 38 62 0 0 86 0 14 0 34.3 11.8 4.5 0.0 0.0 49.4 3 5 ~ 0.75 TIAINITISíN * 38 62 0 0 86 0 14 0 27.9 16.5 2.9 0.0 0.0 50.6 24 17 -2.36 TlAIN / TiSiN "* '38 62 0 0 86 0 14 0 31.4 14.4 3.8 0.0 0.0 50.3 7 8 -1.17 TiAlNfiisiN * 50 50 0 0 86 0 14 0 33.1 13.1 3.4 0.0 0.0 50.5 10 9 -1.48 'I1AINFFISIN' 38 62 0 0 93 0 7 0 35.3 13.6 1.9 0.0 0.0 49.1 6 8 -1.39 T | AlN / TiSiN '38 62 0 0 93 0 7 0 32.1 16.3 1.7 0.0 0.0 50.0 9 6 -1.410 TIAINFFFSIN '50 50 0 0 93 0 7 0 38.7 10.4 2.0 0.0 0.0 48.9 5 6 ~ 1.011 TAiN / TISIYN '38 62 0 0 64 0 12 4 29.5 16.7 2.6 0.0 1.0 50.1 11 10 -12 'fi AiNlTiSiYN' 38 62 0 0 83 0 9 8 31 .9 12.8 2.6 0.0 2.3 50.4 4 6 -13 TAlNlTiSiYN * 38 62 0 0 79 0 7 14 28.7 16.7 1.6 0.0 3.3 49.8 8 7 -14 TiAlNffiSívN '38 62 0 0 82 0 11 7 32.5 13.9 3.1 0.0 2.0 48.5 7 9 ~15 TAIN / 'fiSñ / N' 38 62 0 0 76 0 9 15 27.0 17.7 2.1 0.0 3.3 50.0 10 8 -16 TIAINITiSNN * 50 50 0 0 70 0 7 23 32.4 9.5 2.1 0.0 7.1 48.8 5 8 -17 TIAINITiSiNbN '38 62 0 0 85 0 10 5 31.1 13.6 2.9 0.0 1.4 51.0 9 12 -18 TiAlNf fi siNbN * 38 62 0 0 78 0 8 14 27.9 16.8 1.9 0.0 3.3 50.1 8 7 -19 TAINFFiSiNbN '38 62 0 0 69 0 6 25 28.1 14.3 1.6 0.0 6.6 51.3 5 6 -20 TAlN / fi SiAlN * 38 62 0 0 67 21 12 0 29.4 18.4 3.6 0.0 0.0 48.6 5 8 -21 TiAINITïSiAIN '38 62 0 0 55 39 6 0 22.3 25.9 1.6 0.0 0.0 50.3 5 6 -22 TiAlN / fi SiAlN * 38 62 0 0 60 32 8 0 24.5 22.6 2.1 0.0 0.0 50.7 6 7 -23 11AIYNIFISiN '38 61 0 1 86 0 14 0 33.6 11.9 4.2 0.4 0.0 49.8 6 9 -24 TiAIYNITiSiN * 37 59 0 4 86 0 14 0 33.4 12.3 4.2 1.0 0.0 49.1 5 7 -25 TIAlVNlTiSiN '38 61 0 1 86 0 14 0 32.2 11.7 4.2 0.4 0.0 51.5 5 8 -26 TWVNfFISIN '37 59 0 4 86 0 14 0 33.7 12.6 3.9 1.0 0.0 48.8 6 8 -27 11AlNbNlTiSiN '38 61 0 1 86 0 14 0 34.0 12.5 4.3 0.4 0.0 48.9 6 9 -26 TAINbNFFISiN '37 59 0 4 86 0 14 0 33.3 11.2 4.2 1.0 0.0 50.3 5 8 -29 TiAlZrN / TlSiN * 38 61 0 1 86 0 14 0 31.2 14.4 3.9 0.5 0.0 50.1 6 7 -30 TiAIZrNmSlN * 37 59 0 4 86 0 14 0 31.3 13.3 4.0 1.1 0.0 50.3 7 9 -31 TIAIZrNIFISNN * 38 61 0 1 76 0 9 15 28.9 13.0 2.6 0.4 4.3 50.8 5 7 -32 TIAIZrN / TISIYN * 37 59 0 4 84 0 12 4 32.9 11 .3 3.7 0.9 1.2 49.9 5 8 -33 TTAIVNITiSIAIN * 37 59 0 4 60 32 8 0 22.8 22.9 2.1 0.9 0.0 51.3 6 7 -Comparative34 'FiNIT1SiN' 100 0 0 0 86 0 14 0 45.4 0.0 4.1 0.0 0.0 50.5 9 12 -3.035 TiAISiNIHSiN * 61 32 7 0 93 0 7 0 36.7 9.5 3.5 0.0 0.0 50.3 10 7 -2.136 TiAINf fi SiN "“ '38 62 0 0 86 0 14 0 27.6 19.2 2.7 0.0 0.0 50.6 130 80 -2.637 'i1N / TiAlSiN "' * '100 0 0 0 61 32 7 0 39.3 8.7 1.9 0.0 0.0 50.1 110 130 -3.1 / -3.338 TAIN 37.6 62.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - - - - ~ 50.4 - - -2739 TiAlN 49.6 50.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - - - - - 50.6 ~ ~ -2.340 11SiN 86.4 0.0 13.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - ~ - ~ - 49.5 - - 3141 TiSíN 92.8 0.0 7.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - - - - - 49.6 - - -2.442 TWSIN 61.1 32.0 6.9 0. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0. - - - - - 50.0 - - -2.943 'fi SiN + TAlN "' 85.9 0.0 14.1 0.0 38.0 62.0 0.0 0.0 N (6194): 51 .1 149.5 1080 1250 -44 TiAlN + TlSlN "38.3 61.7 0.0 0.0 86.0 0.0 14.0 0.0 N (at.%): 5D.1l50.5 1140 870 -') the composition of individual layers is an estimate from the corresponding single layer”) Constant shell thicknessm) MeZ content excluding Ai, which has its own columnExample 2.
    Coatings 1-8, 10, 12, 22, 29, 34-44 on S1 inserts were tested under the following conditions:Geometry: CNMGl20408-NILF1Application: Length turningWorking material: AISI 316LCutting speed: 230 m / minFeed rate: 0.15 mm / revCutting depth: 1.5 mmLifetime criterion, phase wear (vb)> 0.3 mmThe results are presented in Tab 2.
    Figure 3 shows SEM images of used edges after 11 minutes of turning with (a) comparative coatings.38, (b) comparative coating 42, and (c) conformable coating 8. It is clear that theThe up-to-date coating shows improved pit and edge wear properties.
    Example 3.
    Coatings 1, 4, 6, 15, 33, 36, 38, 40, 44 on S2 inserts were tested under the following conditions:Geometry: CNMG120408-MF1Application: Length turningWorking material: Inconel 718Cutting speed: 70 m / minFeed rate: 0.2 mm / revCutting depth: ap = 0.5 mmLifetime criterion, phase wear (vb)> 0.3 mmThe results are presented in Tab 2.
    Example 4.
    Coatings 1, 3, 9, 17, 38-44 on S3 inserts were tested under the following conditions:Geometry: DCMT1 1T304-FlApplication: Length turningWorking material: DIN 100Cr6Cutting speed: 250 m / minFeed rate: 0.15 mm / revCutting depth: ap = 0.5 mmLifetime criterion, phase wear (vb)> 0.2 mmThe results are presented in Tab 2.
    Table 2.
    Coating Example 2 'h Example 3,' 4.
    Pit Egg Lifespan (mln) Lifespan (min) Lifespan (mm)According to. uppflnnlng1 God God / Medium 15 B 212 God Medium 14 - -3 God / Medium God 13 - 184 God God / Medium 14 8 -5 GodfMedium GodIll / leclium 15 - -6 God God / Medium 13 9 -7 God / Medium God / Medium 12 - -8 God God 16 - -9 - - - - 2110 God / Medium God 14 - -12 God / Medium God / Medium 15 - -15 - - - 9 -17 _ _ _. 2122 God God 15 - -29 God Got fl Medlum 14 -33 - ~ - 10Comparative34 Medium God / Medium 1035 God Dàllg 12 -36 Good / Medium Poor 13 737 Good / Medium Bad 12 - -38 Medium / Poor Good 11 6 1439 Dàllg God 8 ~ 1240 God Dálig 9 5 1241 Good / Medium Medium / Bad 9 - 1542 GodlMedlum Medium 12 - 1543 Medium God / Medi um 7 - 1744 God / Medium Medlum / Dàllg 10 5 15It is obvious from the above examples 2 to 4 that the inserts according to the invention show an increased pre-stand with improved edge and pit wear properties.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    Cutting tool inserts for chip removal processing consisting of a body on which a hard and durable coating is deposited, characterized in that said coating comprises a polycrystalline nanolaminated structure of alternating layers A and B, where layer A is (Ti, Al, Mel) N and Mel is one or more metal elements from group 3, 4, 5 or 6 of the Periodic Table, preferably one or two of Zr, Y, V, Nb, Mo and W, layer B is (Ti, Si, Me 2) N and Me2 is one or fl era metal elements from group 3, 4, 5 or 6 in the periodic table including Al, preferably one or fl era of Y, V, Nb, Mo, W and Al, with a thickness of between 0.5 and 20 μm , preferably between 0.5 and 10 μm.
    [2]
    Cutting tool insert according to claim 1, characterized in that layers A and B comprise a phase mixture of cubic and hexagonal structures, preferably with only cubic phase, which is determined by X-ray diffraction.
    [3]
    Cutting tool insert according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that said nanolaminated structure has an average thickness for layers A and B of between 1 nm and 100 nm, preferably between 1 nm and 50 nm.
    [4]
    Cutting tool insert according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the atomic ratio (Ti + Al) / (Ti + Al + Me1) for said layer A is> 85%, and the atomic ratio Ti / (Ti + Al) is between 5 % and 95% and the atomic ratio (Ti + Si) / (Ti + Si + Me2) for said layer B is> 60%, and the atomic ratio Ti / (Ti + Si) is between 5% and 95%.
    [5]
    Cutting tool insert according to claim 4, characterized in that layer A is (Ti1-x.pAlxMelp) Na where 0.3 layer B (Ti1.y., SiyMe2,) Nb where 0.05 is preferably 0.96
    [6]
    Cutting tool insert according to Claim 5, characterized by attz = p = 0.
    [7]
    Cutting tool insert according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the average composition of the approximate nanolaminated structure is 45 atom% <Ti + Al + Si + Y + V + Nb + Mo + W + Zr <55 atom%, preferably 48 atoms %
    [8]
    Cutting tool insert according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said coating comprises an inner single and / or multilayer coating of TiN, TiC, Ti (C, N) or (T 1, A 1) N, preferably (Ti, Al ) N and / or an outer single and / or multilayer coating of TiN, TiC, Ti (C, N), (Ti, Si) N or (Ti, Al) N, preferably (Ti, Si) N or (Ti , Al) N, to a total layer thickness, including the thickness of the nanolaminated structure, of between 0.5 and 30 μm, preferably between 0.5 and 15 μm.
    [9]
    Cutting tool insert according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the body is cemented carbide or cement.
    [10]
    Method for manufacturing a cutting tool insert according to claim 1, characterized in that said coating is precipitated by arc evaporation of alloyed or composite cathodes which gives the desired composition of (Ti, Al, Mel) N and (Ti, Si, Me 2) N layers with an evaporation current between 50 A and 200 A, in an Ar + N 2 atmosphere, preferably in a pure N 2 atmosphere, at a total pressure of 0.5 Pa to 9.0 Pa, preferably 1.5 Pa to 5.0 Pa, a substrate bias voltage between -10 V and -300 V, preferably between -20 V and -200 V, at 350 ° C to 700 ° C, preferably 400 ° C to 650 ° C.
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    法律状态:
    2015-02-03| NUG| Patent has lapsed|
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    SE0900739A|SE533884C2|2009-06-01|2009-06-01|Nanolaminated coated cutting tool|SE0900739A| SE533884C2|2009-06-01|2009-06-01|Nanolaminated coated cutting tool|
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    JP2012513903A| JP2012528732A|2009-06-01|2010-05-28|Nanolaminate coated cutting tool|
    PCT/SE2010/050580| WO2010140958A1|2009-06-01|2010-05-28|Nanolaminated coated cutting tool|
    US13/375,570| US8852305B2|2009-06-01|2010-05-28|Nanolaminated coated cutting tool|
    EP10783656.1A| EP2438209B1|2009-06-01|2010-05-28|Nanolaminated coated cutting tool|
    CN2010800242000A| CN102449194B|2009-06-01|2010-05-28|Nanolaminated coated cutting tool|
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